Stem Cell Treatment
Cells obtained from the patient's own bone marrow or fat tissue are applied to a joint or tendon. It is a supportive option in selected patients.
Stem cell treatment is one of the most asked-about topics in orthopaedics. In orthopaedic use, a concentrate containing repair-supporting cells is prepared from the patient’s own bone marrow or fat tissue and applied to the problem area. Knowing where this treatment may help and where it is limited is important for realistic expectations.
How is the concentrate obtained?
- Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC): Bone marrow is usually drawn with a fine needle from the back of the pelvic bone under local anaesthesia or sedation and concentrated with a special system.
- Fat-derived cells: A small amount of fat is taken from the abdomen or thigh and processed.
The product is applied to the joint or tissue in the same session, under imaging guidance when needed.
When can it be used?
- Early and moderate knee and hip arthritis
- Together with core decompression in avascular necrosis of the hip
- As support in cartilage repair surgery
- In selected fractures with delayed healing
- In some chronic tendon problems
Expectations and limits
The aim of stem cell applications is to improve the tissue environment, reduce pain and support function. Although studies show less pain in some patients, it has not been proven that this treatment regrows lost cartilage. Its effect is limited in advanced arthritis and it does not replace established treatments such as joint replacement.
Stem cell treatment should therefore be considered in suitable patients, with realistic expectations, alongside basic treatments such as exercise, weight control and physiotherapy.
After treatment
- The bone marrow or fat harvest site may be tender for a few days.
- Temporary swelling and pain may occur in the treated joint.
- Straining activities are avoided in the first days, followed by an exercise programme.
- It takes a few months to judge the effect.
Habits that support treatment
Habits that support the joint help get the most from cell-based treatment. Losing excess weight reduces the load on the joint. Regular exercises that strengthen the thigh and hip muscles protect the joint. Smoking harms the tissues’ ability to heal.
Getting reliable information
There are many exaggerated claims about stem cell treatment. Every patient has the right to ask how the procedure is done, how the product is prepared and what scientific basis the expected results have. We answer all of these questions openly during the consultation.
Frequently asked questions
Can stem cell treatment replace a joint replacement?
No. Joint replacement remains the most effective treatment for advanced arthritis. Stem cell applications are a supportive option in earlier stages.
Is the effect permanent?
It varies from person to person. Studies on long-term results are ongoing.
Who is it not suitable for?
It may not be suitable for patients with active infection, a history of cancer, some blood disorders or advanced joint damage.
How long does the procedure take?
Harvesting, preparing and injecting the cells is usually completed on the same day, within a few hours. The patient can go home afterwards.
Is stem cell treatment painful?
The bone marrow or fat harvest site is numbed with local anaesthetic. Mild pain and tenderness may follow for a few days.
The information on this page is general and does not replace an examination. An examination is needed to decide which treatment suits you.